{"id":609,"date":"2014-04-21T15:43:51","date_gmt":"2014-04-21T15:43:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/?p=609"},"modified":"2015-02-23T09:58:14","modified_gmt":"2015-02-23T09:58:14","slug":"recycling-plastic-for-3d-printing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/research\/recycling-plastic-for-3d-printing\/","title":{"rendered":"Recycling plastic for 3D printing"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/absShredsBanner.jpg\" data-rel=\"lightbox-image-0\" data-rl_title=\"\" data-rl_caption=\"\" title=\"\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-622\" alt=\"absShredsBanner\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/absShredsBanner.jpg\" width=\"1000\" height=\"223\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/absShredsBanner.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/absShredsBanner-300x66.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>I have been using basic 3d printers since 2011, starting with a <a title=\"thing-o-matic construction\" href=\"http:\/\/zprod.org\/PG\/blogArchive05.htm\" target=\"_blank\">Thing-o-matic<\/a>\u00a0 by Makerbot, then a couple of UP3D machines. They use plastic filament, mostly made of <a title=\"ABS plastic\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ABS_plastic\" target=\"_blank\">Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), <\/a>the same material used to make Lego bricks, or <a title=\"Polylactic acid\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Polylactic_acid\" target=\"_blank\">polylactic acid (PLA)<\/a>, a plastic derived from corn starch or other renewable bio-materials. The filament is generally made from virgin plastic (ie: not recycled), purchased ready-spooled and in various colours.<\/p>\n<p>The frequent use of a 3D printer has a common side-effect: the production of a significant amount of faulty parts and temporary support structures, without even counting in the endless tat spewed out by the little machines in the guise of Yoda heads, clumsy plastic jewellery, door knobs that don&#8217;t quite work&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 {\n\t\t\t\tmargin: auto;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 .gallery-item {\n\t\t\t\tfloat: left;\n\t\t\t\tmargin-top: 10px;\n\t\t\t\ttext-align: center;\n\t\t\t\twidth: 20%;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 img {\n\t\t\t\tborder: 2px solid #cfcfcf;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 .gallery-caption {\n\t\t\t\tmargin-left: 0;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\/* see gallery_shortcode() in wp-includes\/media.php *\/\n\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t<div id='gallery-1' class='gallery galleryid-609 gallery-columns-5 gallery-size-thumbnail'><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/thingOmaticBig.jpg' title=\"\" data-rl_title=\"\" class=\"rl-gallery-link\" data-rl_caption=\"\" data-rel=\"lightbox-gallery-1\"><img width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/thingOmaticBig-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-610\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/thingOmaticBig-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/thingOmaticBig-90x90.jpg 90w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-610'>\n\t\t\t\tThing-o-matic 2011\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/thingOBoxPrinting.jpg' title=\"\" data-rl_title=\"\" class=\"rl-gallery-link\" data-rl_caption=\"\" data-rel=\"lightbox-gallery-1\"><img width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/thingOBoxPrinting-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-611\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/thingOBoxPrinting-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/thingOBoxPrinting-90x90.jpg 90w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-611'>\n\t\t\t\tThing-o-matic printing\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/3dPrintRejects.jpg' title=\"\" data-rl_title=\"\" class=\"rl-gallery-link\" data-rl_caption=\"\" data-rel=\"lightbox-gallery-1\"><img width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/3dPrintRejects-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-612\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/3dPrintRejects-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/3dPrintRejects-90x90.jpg 90w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-612'>\n\t\t\t\t3D printing rejects\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/joda3D-e1536228620307.jpg' title=\"\" data-rl_title=\"\" class=\"rl-gallery-link\" data-rl_caption=\"\" data-rel=\"lightbox-gallery-1\"><img width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/joda3D-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-627\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/joda3D-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/joda3D-90x90.jpg 90w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-627'>\n\t\t\t\tHow many 3d printed Joda heads?\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/ebemu3DTat.jpg' title=\"\" data-rl_title=\"\" class=\"rl-gallery-link\" data-rl_caption=\"\" data-rel=\"lightbox-gallery-1\"><img width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/ebemu3DTat-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-625\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/ebemu3DTat-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/ebemu3DTat-90x90.jpg 90w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-625'>\n\t\t\t\tOur own 3d printed tat\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><br style=\"clear: both\" \/>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<p>Additionally ABS plastic perfectly suitable for printing can be found in the casings of many consumer electronic items, car bumpers, fridge door compartments, lego bricks, luggage etc&#8230; The problem is how to turn this abundant source of potentially upcyclable material into suitable filament. The most spectacular and impressively robust use of recycled ABS in a 3D printer is Endless, a project by Dutch designer Dirk van der Kooij based on a modified robotic arm.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/CJ0RqJknFhU\" height=\"315\" width=\"560\" allowfullscreen=\"\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>The search for an environmentally friendly solution to the needs of desktop 3D printers is underway. The <a title=\"filabot.com\" href=\"http:\/\/www.filabot.com\/\">Filabot<\/a> was probably the first attempt for an open-source solution allowing both the re-use of discarded prints and of recycled plastics. Filabot is now providing a commercially available grinder, the <a title=\"Filabot reclaimer\" href=\"http:\/\/www.filabot.com\/collections\/filabot-core\/products\/filabot-reclaimer\">Reclaimer<\/a>, as well as different models of filament extruders.<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"recyclebot\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Recyclebot\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">\n\t\t\t#gallery-2 {\n\t\t\t\tmargin: auto;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-2 .gallery-item {\n\t\t\t\tfloat: left;\n\t\t\t\tmargin-top: 10px;\n\t\t\t\ttext-align: center;\n\t\t\t\twidth: 20%;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-2 img {\n\t\t\t\tborder: 2px solid #cfcfcf;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-2 .gallery-caption {\n\t\t\t\tmargin-left: 0;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\/* see gallery_shortcode() in wp-includes\/media.php *\/\n\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t<div id='gallery-2' class='gallery galleryid-609 gallery-columns-5 gallery-size-thumbnail'><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/Filabot_ISO_View_1024x1024.jpg' title=\"\" data-rl_title=\"\" class=\"rl-gallery-link\" data-rl_caption=\"\" data-rel=\"lightbox-gallery-2\"><img width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/Filabot_ISO_View_1024x1024-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-2-635\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/Filabot_ISO_View_1024x1024-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/Filabot_ISO_View_1024x1024-90x90.jpg 90w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-2-635'>\n\t\t\t\tFilabot extruder\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/filabotReclaimer.jpg' title=\"\" data-rl_title=\"\" class=\"rl-gallery-link\" data-rl_caption=\"\" data-rel=\"lightbox-gallery-2\"><img width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/filabotReclaimer-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-2-636\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/filabotReclaimer-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/filabotReclaimer-90x90.jpg 90w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-2-636'>\n\t\t\t\tFilabot Reclaimer\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/recyclebot-michigan.jpg' title=\"\" data-rl_title=\"\" class=\"rl-gallery-link\" data-rl_caption=\"\" data-rel=\"lightbox-gallery-2\"><img width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/recyclebot-michigan-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-2-638\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/recyclebot-michigan-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/recyclebot-michigan-90x90.jpg 90w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-2-638'>\n\t\t\t\tJoshua Pearce&#8217;s Recyclebot\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/strudittleSm.jpg' title=\"\" data-rl_title=\"\" class=\"rl-gallery-link\" data-rl_caption=\"\" data-rel=\"lightbox-gallery-2\"><img width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/strudittleSm-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-2-639\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/strudittleSm-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/strudittleSm-90x90.jpg 90w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-2-639'>\n\t\t\t\tStrudittle\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/Filastruder_Clean_nobg-e1536228609425.jpg' title=\"\" data-rl_title=\"\" class=\"rl-gallery-link\" data-rl_caption=\"\" data-rel=\"lightbox-gallery-2\"><img width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/Filastruder_Clean_nobg-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-2-637\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/Filastruder_Clean_nobg-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/Filastruder_Clean_nobg-90x90.jpg 90w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-2-637'>\n\t\t\t\tFilastruder\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><br style=\"clear: both\" \/>\n\t\t<\/div>\n<\/p>\n<p><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Other commercial designs include and the Strudittle and the <a title=\"Filastruder\" href=\"www.filastruder.com\" target=\"_blank\">Filastruder<\/a>. Open source designs can be found on the <a title=\"recyclebot\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Recyclebot\" target=\"_blank\">Recyclebot<\/a> website. Joshua Pearce from Michichan Technological University made the news in 2013 for his recycling of milk jugs using a Recyclebot v2.2, design available on <a title=\"Recyclebot v2.2\" href=\"http:\/\/www.thingiverse.com\/thing:12948\" target=\"_blank\">Thingiverse<\/a>. Beyond the fact that\u00a0high-density polyethylene, or HDPE (the plastic milk jugs are made of) retracts dimensionally while cooling, the recycling of plastics presents the inconvenient that polymer chains do break down in smaller chains each time the plastic is melted, thus weakening the material and limiting the amount of useable cycles.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/1OnDk9uMXBk\" height=\"315\" width=\"420\" allowfullscreen=\"\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Filastruder recommends a pellet size of no more than 5mm width in any dimension for use with their machine. I experimented briefly with an office paper shredder and some of my discarded prints. The coarse plastic fragments I collected are not suitable for a small extruder, and the shredder struggled to cut anything thicker than 2mm.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/plastic-in-indonesian-river.jpg\" data-rel=\"lightbox-image-11\" data-rl_title=\"\" data-rl_caption=\"\" title=\"\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-620\" alt=\"plastic-in-indonesian-river\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/plastic-in-indonesian-river.jpg\" width=\"550\" height=\"363\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/plastic-in-indonesian-river.jpg 550w, https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/plastic-in-indonesian-river-300x197.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 550px) 100vw, 550px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>In November 2013 the UK based <a title=\"techfortrade.org\" href=\"http:\/\/techfortrade.org\/\" target=\"_blank\">techfortrade<\/a> charity launched the <a title=\"Ethical Filament Solution\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ethicalfilament.org\/\" target=\"_blank\">Ethical Filament Foundation<\/a>, an initiative aiming to reduce plastic waste in developing countries while providing income to deprived populations. Their vision: &#8221; We believe that there is an opportunity to create an environmentally friendly and ethically produced filament alternative to meet the needs of the rapidly growing 3D Printing market. We also believe that by doing this we could potentially open up a new market for value added products that can be produced by waste picker groups in low income countries.The foundation is working on a manufacturing and quality standard &#8220;.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>I have been using basic 3d printers since 2011, starting with a Thing-o-matic\u00a0 by Makerbot, then a couple of UP3D machines. They use plastic filament, mostly made of Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), the same material used to make Lego bricks, or polylactic acid (PLA), a plastic derived from corn starch or other renewable bio-materials. The filament is generally made from<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[29,6,31,12,44],"tags":[45,32,36,21,19,22],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/609"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=609"}],"version-history":[{"count":20,"href":"https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/609\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":775,"href":"https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/609\/revisions\/775"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=609"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=609"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zprod.org\/zwp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=609"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}